Pandia Latest search engine news blog articles from Pandia. http://www.seocentro.com/seo-archives/publisher/Pandia.html Pandia News Archive http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=13163 So much to read and so little time. It's good Pandia is doing all the reading for you! Here are some of the essential search engine news articles from this week: For Yahoo's CEO, News Keeps Getting Worse Yang made no concessions to the growing chorus of angry investors and media pundits calling for his ouster at a Web industry conference in London this week. (Reuters Nov 14 2008) Sweeping Changes At Live.com: It's A Social Network! US Live.com is now a social network, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 16 Nov 2008 14:54:03 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=13162 The latest issue of Website Magazine presents a top 50 list of websites that are popular among web designers and developers. Anyone working withing the fields of online information dissemination and Internet marketing need to know something about the arts of setting up and designing web sites, so these resources may also be of interest to the readers of Pandia. The list is partly based on web statistics gathered by Ranking.com. Here are the top 20: about. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 16 Nov 2008 14:36:46 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=13158 Google Flu Trends, based on Internet search activity, predicts new outbreaks of flu in the US. It is that time of the year here on the Northern Hemisphere. A steady stream of new mutated flu viruses reach Europe and Northern America from Asia, leading to sore throats, runny noses and feverish days and nights, and there seems to be nothing we can do about it. Normally you would look to the medical field for a solution (there is not one yet), Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 16 Nov 2008 11:53:11 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12948 Here are some of the search engine news stories we found interesting this week: New Face Recognition Search Engine Luxand A unique facial-mapping engine that enables a website to find people by faces (Alt Search Engines Nov 7 2008) The Post Google, Post Microsoft Yahoo Get new hitters. Simple enough. And a new technology management. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sat, 08 Nov 2008 15:04:18 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12897 Google cancels its ad deal with Yahoo! due to US government antitrust measures. It was a strange deal from the very beginning: Yahoo! asking Google to serve pay-per-click ads on its sites, in spite of Yahoo! having its own ad service. It was definitely an admittance of defeat. Yahoo's ad service is not on par with Google's, in spite of the fact that Yahoo! has based its technology on the pay-per-click pioneer Overture which Google copied. But these were desperate times. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Thu, 06 Nov 2008 18:04:42 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12837 If you are looking for images for your blog or a PowerPoint presentation, don't go to Google image search. Search Flickr instead, using one of these three excellent search tools. Google image search returns lots of hits, but the results can only be sorted by image size. Even the advanced image search option lacks one important option: You have no way of knowing if the image copyright rights are reserved or not. Creative Commons licensed photos On Flickr, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Wed, 05 Nov 2008 14:45:04 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12753 Pandia argues that Google's deal with US publishers and authors may lead to a new revolution in book dissemination " one that can be compared to the importance of the printing press. This week the Official Google Blog announced that Google has made a deal with US publishers regarding the Google Book Search service . Google Book Search lets you search the contents of a large number of books that have been scanned by Google. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 03 Nov 2008 06:06:21 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12747 Here are some interesting search engine related articles from the recent week: Accoona re-emerges? Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 02 Nov 2008 14:43:28 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12585 Twitter has taken a lot of heat for being a vehicle of mindless, narcissistic chatter. Sure. Twitter is that, but it's so much more. You just need to know how to find the good stuff. Election 2008 Courtesy of Twitter, you can follow hot topics concerning the US election to keep up to date on this race that concerns us all whether we like it of not. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Wed, 29 Oct 2008 13:35:03 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12473 The world is heading into a global recession. Will search companies like Google and Yahoo! come out as winners or losers? Yahoo! announced that it would lay off 10 percent of its workforce this week. Is the search engine industry feeling the recession already? There might be optimists out there that continue to believe that a global economic downturn can be avoided, but we do not belong to them. When confidence in the market evaporates and people fear for their jobs, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 27 Oct 2008 12:08:25 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12460 We follow the search engine web for you. Here are the latest headlines from the worlds of online research and search engine marketing. Third Google Webmaster Chat Questions and Answers! A lot of useful webmaster info from Google staff (Page Traffic Oct 23 2008) Blog Search Engines : The Complete Overview The most helpful and unique blog search engines (SE Journal Oct 24 2008) Google Analytics Add 6 Enterprise-Friendly Features! Advanced Segmentation, Custom Reports, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 26 Oct 2008 14:26:10 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12458 If you are into search engine marketing, you should definitely consider taking part in this years Las Vegeas PubCon. As our old readers might now, the term Pub Conference was coined by Pandia when some eager activists from the Webmaster World discussion forum invited SEM enthusiasts to a pub in London in 2001 . Since then PubCon has turned into something much bigger and more conference like. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 26 Oct 2008 13:32:55 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12457 Quintura Site Search is a hosted site search, analytics and monetization solution for online content publishers. It provides visual-based search and navigation for site visitors. Among the users of this technology are the websites of the US magazines Maxim and Hilary as well as Russian Newsweek and Cosmopolitan in Russia. AltSearchEngines.com also uses Quintura Site Search. According to site statistics, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 26 Oct 2008 12:10:22 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12303 Are you having a hard time finding what you are searching for online? Or maybe you teach web search techniques to students, colleagues, friends or family and need a tutorial or guide to web search? Here are some easy ways to teach web search. Pandia started out, way back in 1998, as a guide to web search. From time to time we like to go back to our roots and provide information about web search strategies and how to search the web. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 21 Oct 2008 18:21:44 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12238 JISC has published a free online tutorial called Internet for Image Searching. The tutorial is designed to help staff and students in universities and colleges to find digital images for their learning and teaching. It is bound to be useful for others as well " anyone who is in need of high quality copyright cleared images. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 20 Oct 2008 12:08:27 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12219 On Friday the economic crime unit of the Norwegian police raided the headquarters of Microsoft-owned Fast Search and Transfer in Oslo. According to Dagens Næringsliv Fast has entered 90 million NOK into the accounts for an Australian deal that never existed. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sat, 18 Oct 2008 13:59:35 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12218 Fast and Microsoft establish a think tank for search engine technology development in Oslo. Search technology trend surveillance I heard one Google representative talk about Google's biggest worry. It was not innovation from competitors like Yahoo! or Microsoft, mind you, but the possibility that there were other young geeks out there, working in a garage, preparing the next great leap in search engine innovation. Which is why, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sat, 18 Oct 2008 13:08:49 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12129 The search engines are slowly coming around to indexing the content of Flash files. There are ways of helping them find links hidden in Javascript as well. The famous KISS-principle (keep it simple, stupid!) continues to be a sensible rule in search engine optimization: Stick to regular text with regular HTML-links and the search engine will be able to index your site. Too many site owners have bought fancy and dynamic web designs, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Thu, 16 Oct 2008 12:03:04 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12042 123People is a brand new people search engine that is set to launch this week. It finds and identifies information from hundreds of publicly available sources on the web in real-time, to produce up-to-date results including from social network profiles, web links, email address, images and videos. The search results contain a vast amount of information, including: Popular social media profiles (Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn, Xing, Friendster, HiFive, FlickR, Bebo,Bloglines, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 14 Oct 2008 11:22:48 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=12002 Semantic search engine hakia launched a new user interface last week. The aim is to "take search beyond 10 blue links". I have been wishing for some innovation in the way search engines presentats search results, so I'm curious to find out what hakia has done. What's new? The search results are now divided into tabs. The first tab â€" All Results â€" provides a three-column overview of the Web results, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 13 Oct 2008 13:28:13 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11991 Search! Search! Search! What the Web had to say about search this week' How to Search Images Online - Most Advanced Methods Search Engine Journal presenting image search engines (Oct 8 2008) Yahoo Upgrades Calendar, Integrates With Other Yahoo Properties Yahoo announced details of the new Yahoo! Calendar beta, which uses technology from their 2007 purchase of Zimbra. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 12 Oct 2008 15:17:18 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11990 Ask goes back to its roots, trying to give regular answers to natural language queries, while Hakia tries to become the new Ask. In a market dominated by one search engine, such attempts do matter, Pandia argues. Imagine the following: Due to the financial crisis, Yahoo! fails to stay afloat, and is sold to the highest bidder. If that is Google, Google will close down the Yahoo! search engine and replace it with its own. If it is Microsoft, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 12 Oct 2008 14:20:34 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11989 We are glad to welcome a new sponsor to Pandia: Directory Journal. Directory Journal is a human edited web catalog presenting hand picked sites under various categories. The directory includes over 6300 listings, website reviews, as well as articles covering a wide variety of topics. And it is growing. Blog There is a blog covering the search directory scene. When we asked Hasan Saleem of Directory Journal about why he blogged (favorably) about his competitors, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 12 Oct 2008 13:31:36 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11904 SnappyFingers calls itself a comprehensive question/answer explorer. What this means is they index millions of FAQs spread across the web to give you a one-stop-shop for when you turn to the Web to have your questions answered. We have interviewed the founder of SnappyFingers , Chirayu Patel to learn more about how SnappyFingers works and to get a glimpse behind the scenes of an answer search service in the making. Pandia: How do you identify FAQs? Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Thu, 09 Oct 2008 13:41:46 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11807 The Social Web is changing web search and the search engine business. This change poses challenges and brings opportunities. Here are some current trends that will change the shape of search in the years to come. The Pandia team went to Seville, Spain, last week, to take part in a workshop hosted by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), a Joint Research Centre under the European Commission. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 07 Oct 2008 11:32:35 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11747 Microsoft to present operating system for "the cloud" (and other recent search engine news). Microsoft Steve Ballmer visited Oslo this week and talked about the future of Microsoft in "the cloud". Google has clearly understood the new paradigm of moving software and file storage online, thus making the browser the main interface to the digital world, instead of the operating system. (Or rather, the browser becomes the new operating system ). Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 05 Oct 2008 13:34:13 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11744 Google has relaunched Google Blogsearch with a new home page containing clustered links to recent blog posts. The new homepage is more similar to Google News, in that it puts up popular news topics in the center column. At the moment of writing, examples of such topics are "The Palin-Biden debate" and "OJ Simpson guilty of armed robbery, kidnapping". The headline points to one of the most popular blog posts, while alternative links are provided under the summary. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 05 Oct 2008 10:47:50 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11725 Google has put up a search page that lets you search the January 2001 index of Google. Google has its 10 year anniversary this year, and this nostalgic version of Google is part of the celebration. Over at the Official Google Blog Shirin Oskooi notes that: "Now that we're a decade old, we figured we're long overdue for some spring cleaning. We started digging around our basement and found all kinds of junk: old Swedish fish, pigeon poop, Klingon translation books. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Fri, 03 Oct 2008 21:39:46 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11684 Pandia argues that there is still room for a European search engine industry, even if all the major companies now are on American hands. Yesterday we reported on how Microsoft has decided to make Norway the base for its enterprise search efforts. That can hardly be taken as a sign of the European search engine industry dying now, can it? Total US domination The fact remains, however, that there is now only one regular European owned web search engine left in Europe: Exalead. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Fri, 03 Oct 2008 06:35:58 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11648 Fast Search and Transfer becomes the core in Microsoft's new efforts to conquer the enterprise search market. When Microsoft bought the Norwegian search engine company Fast Search and Transfer in January for US$ 1.2 million, there were those who feared that this could mean the end for the Norwegian search engine cluster. However, instead of Microsoft totally assimilating Fast, it seems that Fast is " in some way " taking over Microsoft's enterprise search activities, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Thu, 02 Oct 2008 13:02:19 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11435 The Pandia team is going to Seville, Spain, next week, to take part in a seminar arranged by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), a Joint Research Centre under the European Commission. There is actually great interest in search in European innovation policy circles. This is partly because of its great socio-economic role. Search is a growing forward looking industry in its own right. Moreover, it has been shaping the world around us in a profound way, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Fri, 26 Sep 2008 09:30:23 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11228 One of our favorites among the search engines is the leading European search engine Exalead. Exalead has recently updated its image search engine with several major improvements. By Panda Guest Writer Lars Våge, Internetbrus Exalead's interface has become much better and could now be the most ingenious of all of the big image search services online. The results are now presented just as thumbnails with information on the original image resolution beneath. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 22 Sep 2008 13:51:30 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11204 Here are some of this week's headlines from the world of search and search engines: Google Searches at 63% of the Search Market for August 2008 Google saw 63% of the 11.7 billion core searches conducted in the U.S. during the late summer month. (SE Watch Sept 19 2008) Google's "Submit Your Content" Page Changes Into Content Central, One Stop Shopping For Publisher Advice To help centralize submission and inclusion information, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sat, 20 Sep 2008 14:55:29 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11200 If you happen to be in London in early December, maybe we could meet and discuss search engines and searching. Pandia is taking part in the December 1 to 4 Online Information Conference. Clay Shirky, author of Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations and expert on the social and economic effects of Internet technologies will open the 2008 conference with a keynote address that examines "Every piece of information is a latent community. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sat, 20 Sep 2008 11:51:13 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=11010 Social search is upon us: A new brand of search engines is taking shape right now. In July we covered Scour , a new social meta search engine that encourages voting and commentary on its query results. In order to give you a glimpse behind the scenes of a social search engine in the making, we have interviewed Scour CEO Dan Yomtobian. Pandia: Why does Scour pay registered users for their comments and ratings? Dan Yomtobian: For Scour to function as a social community, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 16 Sep 2008 06:11:53 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10805 Google has decided to reduce the period it keeps personal information in its datalogs by half, from 18 to 9 months. Google will now anonymize IP adresses on their servers at an earlier stage. Google has been in conflict with the EU Commission on this issue. Since IP addresses are shifted around by Internet service providers, Google has argued that the IP address cannot be used to identify individuals. EU disagrees. Google is using the data to improve it search results, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Wed, 10 Sep 2008 06:35:02 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10734 Google gives away face recognition technology for free. But what happens if this technology becomes part of regular web search? Is there any privacy left? The image oriented part of the social web is dominated by Yahoo's Flickr. Google also has its own image tools, however: There is the Picasa software for Windows and Linux, a free photo organizer, and Picasa web albums , an online photo sharing service like Flickr. NRKBeta, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 08 Sep 2008 20:33:00 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10708 There is a new site presenting search engines and tools, with its own directory and discussion forum. Felix Liao has a relatively new site devoted to web search, desktop search, image search " well, anything web search related really. Search1.x contains a very informative blog covering search engine sites and technologies. The blog design is a bit unusual, as it orders the post in a kind of newspaper layout. It works well, though, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Mon, 08 Sep 2008 12:20:43 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10686 Google is 10 years old this weekend (the exact date is debated). In these 10 years the search engine has developed from a search tool only known to geeks to a multinational giant. Google has become one of the most well known brands on the globe, and is " at least in the Western world " delivering close to 70 percent of all search results. That this would happen was not at all obvious in 1998, where the technological front was defined by AltaVista, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 07 Sep 2008 13:32:49 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10581 Pandia's readers get a 300 US$ discount when signing up for the September PPC Summit. Search engine marketing is more than developing an ability to rank well in normal, "organic", search results. Pay per click text ads like Google Adwords have proven an efficient and relatively inexpensive way of reaching a targeted audience, partly because they are displayed alongside related search results or web site content, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Thu, 04 Sep 2008 07:08:45 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10489 Google presents its new browser in comic book form. Google's way of not announcing new innovations is well known. The company must have one of the smallest advertising budgets among the large American companies. Today, however, it seems they have chosen a whole new tactic for presenting new products and services, namely a comic book. Google Blogoscoped claims to have received the comic book from Google, and it is drawn by Scott McCloud. Seriously, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 02 Sep 2008 14:11:18 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10488 Pandia takes a look at how the search engines may use your web surfing habits and other data to fine tune your search results. Let's admit it: Even though the search engine companies do a lot to improve their offerings, there has not been any radical innovations in the search engine field for a long time. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 02 Sep 2008 14:11:16 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10455 August is holiday season in both Southern Europe and North America, which means that search engine news traffic slows down. Next week, however, we should be back to normal. One of the most important news this week is probably Google's implementation of Google Suggest on English language sites. Google will now suggest alternative search phrases as you type. This is not a Google invention, however. Ask and Yahoo! have implemented this feature a long time ago. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 31 Aug 2008 15:21:23 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10453 Google adds search suggestions to search results, generating a list of alternative search queries. Google has added a new feature to the Google home page and other search pages. As soon as you start typing a search query, Google will open a small pull down menu directly under the search form with a list of alternative search queries based on the letters you type. The list changes as you type. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 31 Aug 2008 13:44:10 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10450 I see a lot of new search products on a daily basis. One of the things I don't see often, though, is real improvements to the presentation of search result. Jamesoo is a news search engine with an innovative results page: The news stories that match your query are presented in newspaper layout. Jamesoo was launched this month. It searches RSS feeds, which should make for fresh news and a brand new, relevant "newspaper" on the subject of your choice, whenever you want it. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 31 Aug 2008 12:33:39 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10272 Del.izzy is a search engine that supplements the search options available at Delicious. I use Delicious every day and for a lot of bookmarks and I am always looking out for ways to extract useful information from my treasure trove of bookmarks. Del.icio.us is a great service, but their search options leave something to be desired. When you search through your bookmarks, you are only searching through tags, titles and descriptions, not the page content. Del.izzy is a simple, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Tue, 26 Aug 2008 15:08:16 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10202 Here are some of the search related articles we have found interesting lately: Google Offers Up Gears Geolocation API To Make Web Sites Location Aware Google thinks it would be valuable to have any Web site you visit " whether on your phone or PC " know where you are. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 24 Aug 2008 15:35:34 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10200 I do most of my work on Macs and most of my surfing I do in Firefox. One of the main reasons I use Firefox is that with its huge choice of add-ons it is highly customisable. But there are some valueble add-ons for Safari as well, for instance Inquisitor, a search plug-in. How it works Inquisitor replaces the current search bar functionality in Safari with a search drop down menu. According to David Watanabe, who developed Inquisitor, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 24 Aug 2008 15:01:30 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10199 Phil Bradley presents various online automatic tools for ascertaining the monetary value of web sites over at his blog. The tools try to determine the value of domains or web sites by combining information like back links, the age of the domain name, Alexa ranking etc. It is a long time since we tested them, and we were of course eager to know whether we can sell Pandia and retire to the Bahamas. Smart PageRank told us that Pandia is worth US$ 1,330. This is, Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 24 Aug 2008 14:12:31 GMT http://www.seocentro.com/cgi-bin/rss/go.pl?uid=10198 Find out what's on US TV by searching Ask. Not all search engine improvements have to be groundbreaking. Several baby steps may ultimately become a large step for mankind' Well, let's not get carried away here. It is a fact, though, that Ask has not yet given up the attempt at attracting new users through innovation. That's a good thing, as big companies like Google and Yahoo! need competition to keep on innovating themselves. Search Engines News SEO News Pandia Pandia Sun, 24 Aug 2008 13:56:15 GMT